苏格拉底名言英文原句,苏格拉底英语名言名句大全
苏格拉底的名言名句英语
德性就是知识或：美德即知识，愚昧是罪恶之源。Virtue is knowledge or： virtue is knowledge， but is the source of evil。下面是为我为大家整理的苏格拉底的名言名句英语希望大家喜欢。
1、我与世界相遇，我自与世界相蚀，我自不辱使命，使我与众生相聚。I met with the world， I from phase erosion in the world， and I， make me together with all life。
2、知足是天赋的财富，奢侈是人为的贫穷。Content is the wealth of talent， luxury is artificial poverty。
3、在你发怒的时候，要紧闭你的嘴，免得增加你的怒气。When you are angry， want to shut your mouth， lest increase your anger。
4、我只知道一件事，那就是什么都不知道。I only know one thing， and that is what all don't know。
5、没有人因为知道了善而不向善的。Because no one know the good and not for good。
6、暗恋是世界上最美丽的爱情。Unrequited love is the most beautiful love in the world。
7、不懂得工作真义的人，视工作为苦役。Don't know the real meaning of work， treat work as slavery。
8、教育是把我们的内心勾引出来的工具和方法。Education is our inner seduce out of tools and methods。
9、最热烈的爱情会有最冷漠的结局。The most passionate love will be the end of the cold。
10、只期盼少许，才能接近最高的幸福。Looking forward to a little only， to close to the highest happiness。
11、知道的越多，才知知道的越少。Only know know know， the more the less。
12、我去死，你们去活，究竟谁过得更幸福，唯有神知道。I go to dead， you go live， who had more happiness， only god knows。
13、我知道自己的无知，我知我无知。I know my ignorance， I know my ignorance。
14、最有效的教育方法不是告诉人们答案，而是向他们提问。The most effective education method isn't tell people the answer， but ask them。
15、世界上最快乐的事，莫过于为理想而奋斗。The happiest thing in the world is to struggle for the ideal。
苏格拉底名言英语
1、在这个世界上，除了阳光、空气、水和笑容，我们还需要什么呢！In this world， in addition to sunlight， air， water and *** iling face， what we need！
2、知足是天赋的财富，奢侈是人为的贫穷。Content is the wealth of talent， luxury is artificial poverty。
3、德行就是知识或美德，即知识愚昧是罪恶之源。Virtue is knowledge， or virtues， namely knowledge ignorance is the source of evil。
4、时间到了，我们各走各的路，是活在这个世上好还是死了好，只有神知道答案。We are on our different paths when the time came， is to live in this in this world good or death， only god knows the answer。
5、我们的需要越是少，我们越近似神。We need more is less， the more we approximate god。
6、思想应当诞生在学生的心里，教师仅仅应当像助产士那样办事。Thought should be born in the mind of students， teachers should only act as midwife。
7、神灵为自己保留了那对于最为重要的东西的认识。Keep the gods for yourself for the most important thing。
8、一个人能否有成就，只看他是否具备自尊心与自信心两个条件。A person can have achievement， only look at o conditions whether he have self-esteem and self-confidence。
9、坏人活着是为了吃与喝，而好人却是为了活着才吃与喝。The bad guys live to eat and drink， and a good man is to live to eat and drink。
10、我们的需要是越少，我们越近似上帝。Our need is less， the more we similar to god。
11、没有人因为知道了善而不向善的。Because no one know the good and not for good。
12、世界上最快乐的事，莫过于为理想而奋斗。The happiest thing in the world is to struggle for the ideal。
13、如果我能忍受了自己的老婆，也就能忍受任何人了！If I can stand his wife， also can tolerate anyone！
14、我像一只猎犬一样追寻真理的足迹。I like a hound to pursue truth。
15、问题是接生婆，它能帮助新思想的诞生。Problem is a midwife， it can help the birth of new ideas。
16、在你发怒的时候，要紧闭你的嘴，免得增加你的怒气。When you are angry， want to shut your mouth， lest increase your anger。
17、我比别知道得多的，不过是我知道自己的无知。I don't know much， but I know his own ignorance。
18、教育是把我们的内心勾引出来的工具和方法。Education is our inner seduce out of tools and methods。
19、我不只是雅典的公民，我也是世界的公民。I'm not just the citizens of Athens， I also am the citizen of the world。
20、你是为了吃饭而生存，还是为了生存而吃饭呢？Are you live to eat， or eat to live？
21、我只知道一件事，那就是什么都不知道。I only know one thing， and that is what all don't know。
22、不要靠馈赠来获得一个朋友。Don't try to win a friend by gift。
23、爱情犹如麦地里采麦穗，弄不好就会空手而归。Love is like in the wheat grain， lane is bad to can return empty-handed。
24、逆境是人类获得知识的最高学府，难题是人们取得智慧之门。Adversity is the highest institution of higher learning， human knowledge problem is that people get the door to wisdom。
25、真正高明的人，就是能够借助别人的智慧，来使自己不受蒙蔽的人。Really *** art people， is to be able to use other people's wisdom， to make themselves against blind person。
26、未经审视的生活是毫无价值的或：一种未经考察的生活是不值得过的。An unexamined life is not worth or： a kind of life is not worth living without inspection。
27、不懂得工作真义的人，视工作为苦役。Don't know the real meaning of work， treat work as slavery。
28、在死亡的门前，我们要思量的不是生命的空虚，而是它的重要性。At death's door， we should consider not the emptiness of life， but its importance。
29、这个世界上有两种人，一种是快乐的猪，一种是痛苦的人。做痛苦的人，不做快乐的猪。There are o kinds of people in the world， is a kind of happiness of the pig， is a kind of pain。 Do the pain of people， don't do happy pigs。
30、每个人身上都有太阳，主要是如何让它发光。Every man has the sun， the main is how to make it shine。
31、分手的时候到了，我去死，你们去活，究竟谁过得更幸福，唯有神知道。It's time to break up， I go to dead， you to live， who had more happiness， only god knows。
苏格拉底名言中英对照
苏格拉底名言中英对照
1、The easiest and noblest way is not to be crushing others，but to be improving yourselves。最简单而高贵的方式不是压榨别人，而是提高你自己。
2、There is only one good，knowledge，and one evil，ignorance。唯一的好是知识，唯一的坏是无知。
3、The secret of happiness，you see，is not found in seeking more，but in developing the capacity to enjoy less。幸福的秘诀，不是寻求更多发现，而是在成长中享受到细微的一种能力。
4、Think not those faithful who praise all thy words and actions；but those who kindly reprove thy faults。那些总是赞美你言行的人必定不是忠诚的朋友，忠诚意味着温和地指出你的过失。
5、The hottest love has the coldest end。最热烈的爱会有最冷漠的结局。
6、Let him who would move the world first move himself。要想改变世界需先改变他自己。
7、I am not an Athenian or a Greek，but a citizen of the world。我不是一位雅典人或是希腊人，而是世界的公民。
8、Strong minds discuss ideas，average minds discuss events，weak minds discuss people。大智论道，中智论事，小智论人。
9、One should never do wrong in return，nor mistreat any man，no matter how one has been mistreated by him。永远不该以错事作为回报，也不要虐待任何人，无论别人如何虐待了他。
10、Be kind，for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle。与人为善，因为你所遇到的每一个人都在进行着某种形式的艰苦斗争。
11、Death may be the greatest of all human blessings。死亡，可能是所有人类福气中最棒的。
12、Having the fewest wants，I am nearest to the gods。有愈少的欲望，我就愈接近神。
13、The unexamined life is not worth living。没有经过考验的人生，是不值得活的。
14、Every action has its pleasures and its price。每个行为都有它的乐趣和它的代价。
15、Be as you wish to seem。如你所愿。
16、The really important thing is not to live，but to live well。And to live well meant，along with more enjoyable things in life，to live according to your principles。真正重要的不是活着，而是活得更好。而且好的生活意味着生活中还有更有趣的事物，要按照你的原则生活。
17、Understanding a question is half an answer。理解一个问题就是答案的一半。
18、Do not do to others what angers you if done to you by others。已所不欲，勿施于人。
19、Once made equal to man，woman becomes his superior。一旦与男人平等，女人就高高在上。
20、Bad men live so that they may eat and drink，whereas good men eat and drink so that they may live。坏人为着他们能吃喝而活着，然而好人则是为了他们能活着而吃喝。
21、It is not shame for a man to learn that which he knows not，whatever his age。一个人不论年龄多大，都要学习自己不懂的东西。这不是羞耻。
22、The unexamined life is not worth living。不知反省的生命不值得一活。
23、I am not an Athenian or a Greek，but a citizen of the world。我不是一位雅典人或希腊人，而是一位世界的公民。
24、Contentment is natural wealth，luxury is artificial poverty。知足是天然的财富，奢侈是人为的贫困。
25、Education is the kindling of a flame，not the filling of a vessel。教育是燃起火焰，而非灌输一个容器。
26、To find yourself，think for yourself。要想找到自我，必须独立思考。
27、The greatest way to live with honour in this world is to be what we pretend to be。这世上获得荣誉的最佳方式是我们将伪装成的样子（而得到的荣誉）。
28、Remember what is unbecoming to do is also unbecoming to speak of。记住：不适合去做的事，也是不适合说的事。
29、Sometimes you put walls up not to keep people out，but to see who cares enough to break them down。有时你建起心墙并非为了远离人群，而是为了看清谁在乎去推倒它。
30、I cannot teach anybody anything。I can only make them think。我不能教会别人任何事。我只能让他们思考。
31、Be slow to fall into friendship，but when you are in，continue firm and constant。缓慢落入友谊，但当你正在进行时，继续保持坚定和不变。
32、I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance。除了我无知的事实之外励志网，我一无所知。
33、I do nothing but go about persuading you all，old and young alike，not to take thought for your persons or your properties，but and chiefly to care about the greatest improvement of the soul。我就只是奉劝你们所有人，年老的与年轻的都一样，不要把心思用在你的人或财产上，而主要应关心灵魂最大的进步。
34、Wonder is the beginning of wisdom。好奇是智慧的开端。
35、Don't try to win a friend by presenting gifts。You should instead contribute your sincere love and learn how to win others'heart through appropriate ways。不要靠馈赠去获得朋友，你必须奉献你诚挚的爱，学会怎样用正当的方法来赢得别人的心。
36、The secret of change is to focus all of your energy，not on fighting the old，but on building the new。改变的秘诀是集中你的所有能力，不是摧毁旧的，而是建造新的。
37、The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing。唯一真正的智慧是自知无知。
38、Envy is the ulcer of the soul。嫉妒是灵魂的肿瘤。
39、Beware the barrenness of a busy life。当心碌碌无为的生活。
40、If a man is proud of his wealth，he should not be praised until it is known how he employs it。如果一个人以他的财富为骄傲，那么要看他如何运用财富，才知道他是否应该被称赞。
41、He who is not contented with what he has，would not be contented with what he would like to have。他不满他所拥有的，也不会满足他想要的。
42、The secret of happiness，you see，is not found in seeking more，but in developing the capacity to enjoy less。快乐的秘密并不在于寻求更多想要的，而是在于培养清心寡欲的能力。
43、In all of us，even in good men，there is a lawless wild-beast nature，which peers out in sleep。在所有人中，即使是好男人，都有一个放纵的野兽本性，这同样发生在睡眠中。
44、When you want knowledge like you want air under water then you will get it。当你需要知识就像你在水底需要空气时，你准能得到它。
45、Do not do to others what angers you if done to you by others。不要让别人激怒你，如果别人对你做了什么。
46、When the debate is lost，slander becomes the tool of the loser。诽谤成为了辩论失败者的工具。
47、I know that I am intelligent，because I know that I know nothing。我知道我是聪明的，因为我自知无知。
48、Know thyself。认识你自己。
49、He is richest who is content with the least，for content is the wealth of nature。知足常乐者最富有，因为知足本身就是天然的财富。
50、By all means marry；if you get a good wife，you'll be happy。If you get a bad one，you'll become a philosopher。一定要结婚；如果你娶到好妻子，你会很快乐。如果你娶到坏妻子，你会成为哲学家。
51、The hour of departure has arrived，and we go our separate ways，I to die，and you to live。Which of these two is better only God knows。离别的时刻已经到来，我们分道扬镳，我死去，你活着。这两种哪个更好只有神知道。
52、I tell you that virtue is not given by money，but that from virtue comes money。我告诉你，德并不是用钱买来的，但是德却可以带来金钱。
53、The only good is knowledge and the only evil is ignorance。唯一的善，是知识；唯一的恶，是无知。
高考英语作文素材：苏格拉底名言英文
在平日的学习、工作和生活里，大家都听说过或者使用过一些比较经典的名言吧，名言可以用来鞭策自己，帮助我们保持良好的心理状态，树立信心。还苦于找不到优秀的名言？以下是我精心整理的高考英语作文素材：苏格拉底名言英文，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing.
唯一真正的智慧是自知无知。
The unexamined life is not worth living.
未经审视的生活不值得活。
There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.
唯一的好是知识，唯一的坏是无知。
I cannot teach anybody anything. I can only make them think.
我不能教会别人任何事。我只能让他们思考。
Wonder is the beginning of wisdom.
好奇是智慧的开端。
Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a hard battle.
与人为善，因为你所遇到的每一个人都在进行着某种形式的艰苦斗争。
To find yourself, think for yourself.
要想找到自我，必须独立思考。
By all means marry; if you get a good wife, you’ll become happy; if you get a bad one, you’ll become a philosopher.
还是结婚吧;如果你找到了一位好妻子，你会变得幸福;如果你有找到了一位坏妻子，你会成为一位哲人。
Be slow to fall into friendship, but when you are in, continue firm and constant.
缓慢落入友谊，但当你正在进行时，继续保持坚定和不变。
Strong minds discuss ideas, average minds discuss events, weak minds discuss people.
大智论道，中智论事，小智论人。
Education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.
教育是燃起火焰，而非灌输一个容器。
He who is not contented with what he has, would not be contented with what he would like to have.
他不满他所拥有的，也不会满足他想要的。
If you don*t get what you want, you suffer; if you get what you don*t want, you suffer; even when you get exactly what you want, you still suffer because you can*t hold on to it forever. Your mind is your predicament. It wants to be free of change. Free of pain, free of the obligations of life and death. But change is law and no amount of pretending will alter that reality.
如果你没有得到你想要的，你会痛苦;如果你得到了你不想要的，你会痛苦，即使你得到了你想要的，你也痛苦，因为你永远不能抓住它。你的思想就是你的困境。它想要免受改变。免受烦恼、免受生与死的义务。但变化就是规律，再多的假象也无法掩盖这一现实。
Our youth now love luxury. They have bad manners, contempt for authority; they show disrespect for their elders and love chatter in place of exercise; they no longer rise when elders enter the room; they contradict their parents, chatter before company; gobble up their food and tyrannize their teachers.
我们现在的青年爱奢侈。他们不礼貌，蔑视权威;他们不尊敬长辈而且爱喋喋不休;当长辈进入房间时他们不再起身;他们顶撞他们的父母，在聚会时喋喋不休;霸占他们的食物并欺压他们的教师。
Sometimes you put walls up not to keep people out, but to see who cares enough to break them down.
有时你建起心墙并非为了远离人群，而是为了看清谁在乎去推倒它。
Know thyself.
认识你自己。
Let him who would move the world first move himself.
要想改变世界需先改变他自己。
Death may be the greatest of all human blessings.
死亡可能是人类最伟大的福气。
The secret of happiness, you see, is not found in seeking more, but in developing the capacity to enjoy less.
幸福的秘诀，不是寻求更多发现，而是在成长中享受到细微的一种能力。
Contentment is natural wealth, luxury is artificial poverty.
知足是天然的财富，奢侈是人为的贫困。
When the debate is lost, slander becomes the tool of the loser.
诽谤成为了辩论失败者的工具。
Every action has its pleasures and its price.
每个行为都有它的乐趣和它的代价。
Do not do to others what angers you if done to you by others.
不要让别人激怒你，如果别人对你做了什么。
I am not an Athenian or a Greek, but a citizen of the world.
我不是一位雅典人或希腊人，而是一位世界的公民。
The secret of change is to focus all of your energy, not on fighting the old, but on building the new.
改变的秘诀是集中你的所有能力，不是摧毁旧的，而是建造新的。
Employ your time in improving yourself by other men*s writings so that you shall come easily by what others have labored hard for.
将你的时间用在阅读他人的作品上，别人费力学到的东西，你就能轻松获得。
The hour of departure has arrived, and we go our separate ways, I to die, and you to live. Which of these two is better only God knows.
离别的时刻已经到来，我们分道扬镳，我死去，你活着。这两种哪个更好只有神知道。
Envy is the ulcer of the soul.
嫉妒是灵魂的肿瘤。
Understanding a question is half an answer.
理解一个问题就是答案的一半。
Beware the barrenness of a busy life.
当心碌碌无为的.生活。
The hottest love has the coldest end.
最热烈的爱会有最冷漠的结局。
Thou shouldst eat to live; not live to eat.
你吃饭是为了活着;活着不是为了吃饭。
I know that I am intelligent, because I know that I know nothing.
我知道我是聪明的，因为我自知无知。
True wisdom comes to each of us when we realize how little we understand about life, ourselves, and the world around us.
真正的智慧是当我们每一个人认识到我们对生活、自我和周围的世界了解得多么少的时候。
We can easily forgive a child who is afraid of the dark; the real tragedy of life is when men are afraid of the light.
我们可以轻易地原谅一个孩子怕黑;但成人怕光是人生的真正悲哀。
From the deepest desires often come the deadliest hate.
最深的欲望总能引起最深的仇恨。
Be as you wish to seem.
如你所愿。
The greatest way to live with honour in this world is to be what we pretend to be.
这世上获得荣誉的最佳方式是我们将伪装成的样子(而得到的荣誉)。
The really important thing is not to live, but to live well. And to live well meant, along with more enjoyable things in life, to live according to your principles.
真正重要的不是活着，而是活得更好。而且好的生活意味着生活中还有更有趣的事物，要按照你的原则生活。
Once made equal to man, woman becomes his superior.
一旦与男人平等，女人就高高在上。
In all of us, even in good men, there is a lawless wild-beast nature, which peers out in sleep.
在所有人中，即使是好男人，都有一个放纵的野兽本性，这同样发生在睡眠中。
One should never do wrong in return, nor mistreat any man, no matter how one has been mistreated by him.
永远不该以错事作为回报，也不要虐待任何人，无论别人如何虐待了他。
He is richest who is content with the least, for content is the wealth of nature.
知足常乐者最富有，因为知足本身就是天然的财富。
The easiest and noblest way is not to be crushing others, but to be improving yourselves.
最简单而高贵的方式不是压榨别人，而是提高你自己。
Think not those faithful who praise all thy words and actions; but those who kindly reprove thy faults.
那些总是赞美你言行的人必定不是忠诚的朋友，忠诚意味着温和地指出你的过失。
To fear death, gentlemen, is no other than to think oneself wise when one is not, to think one knows what one does not know. No one knows whether death may not be the greatest of all blessings for a man, yet men fear it as if they knew that it is the greatest of evils.
恐惧死亡，先生们，(…省略…)。没有人知道死亡可能不是一个人最幸福的事，而人们恐惧它，就像他们知道一样，这是最大的恶。
Regard your good name as the richest jewel you can possibly be possessed of -- for credit is like fire; when once you have kindled it you may easily preserve it, but if you once extinguish it, you will find it an arduous task to rekindle it again. The way to a good reputation is to endeavor to be what you desire to appear.
信用是像火一样富有的珠宝;一旦你有了它，可以保存它，但如果你一旦熄灭了它，你会发现重燃它是一项艰巨的任务。一个获得良好声誉的方法是努力成为你理想的样子。
苏格拉底的英文名言
Beauty is the bait which with delight allures man to enlarge his kind.
Beware the barrenness of a busy life.
By all means, marry. If you get a good wife, you'll benete happy; if you get a bad one, you'll benete a philosopher.
False words are not only evil in themselves, but they infect the soul with evil.
I decided that it was not wisdom that enabled poets to write their poetry, but a kind of instinct or inspiration, such as you find in seers and prophets who deliver all their sublime messages without knowing in the least what they mean.
I know nothing except the fact of my ignorance.
If all misfortunes were laid in one netmon heap whence everyone must take an equal portion, most people would be contented to take their own and depart.
A system of morality which is based on relative emotional values is a mere illusion, a thoroughly vulgar conception which has nothing sound in it and nothing true.
All men's souls are immortal, but the souls of the righteous are immortal and spanine.
Envy is the ulcer of the soul.
Our prayers should be for blessings in general, for God knows best what is good for us.
The poets are only the interPters of the Gods.
Worthless people live only to eat and drink; people of worth eat and drink only to live.
Remember that there is nothing stable in human affairs; therefore avoid undue elation in prosperity, or undue dePssion in adversity.
苏格拉底的名言英语
1、我非常清楚地知道，我并没有智慧，不论大的还是小的都没有。I know very well， I don't have wisdom， no matter big or *** all all have no。
2、未经审视的生活是毫无价值的。An unexamined life is not worth。
3、男人活着全靠健忘，女人活着全靠牢记。Man alive all by fetfulness， woman alive on remember all。
4、知道的越多，才知知道的越少。Only know know know， the more the less。
5、要想向我学知识，你必须先有强烈的求知欲望，就像你有强烈的求生欲望一样。If you want to learn knowledge to me， you must first have a strong curiosity， like you have a strong desire to survive。
6、好的婚姻仅给你带来幸福，不好的婚姻则可使你成为一位哲学家。A good marriage bring you happiness， only a bad marriage can make you to bee a philosopher。
7、最热烈的爱情会有最冷漠的结局。The most passionate love will be the end of the cold。
8、最有效的教育方法不是告诉人们答案，而是向他们提问。The most effective education method isn't tell people the answer， but ask them。
9、告诉我你的朋友，我就知道你是什么样的人。Tell me about your friend， I know what kind of person you are。
10、我不是给人知识，而是使知识自己产生的产婆。I don't give a person knowledge， but to make the midwife who knowledge produce。
11、任何确实的实验都说明，任何一种生理或心理的疾病都能靠吃素和喝纯水而减轻病情。Any do experiment shows that any kind of physical or mental illness can drink vegetable diet and pure water and reduce the disease。
12、好习惯是一个人在社交场中所能穿着的最佳服饰。Good habit is a person can wear the best clothes in the social field。
13、德性就是知识或：美德即知识，愚昧是罪恶之源。Virtue is knowledge or： virtue is knowledge， but is the source of evil。
14、知足是天然的财富，奢侈是人为的贫穷。Contentment is natural wealth， luxury is artificial poverty。
15、想左右天下的人，须先能左右自己。Think about all the people， must first can control yourself。
16、纵使富有的人以其财富自傲，但在他还不知道如何使用他的财富以前，别去夸赞他。Even wealthy people pride in its wealth， but he didn't know how to use his wealth in the past， not to praise him。
17、凡是原本可以做得更好的，也算是懒！Who could have done better， also be lazy！
18、我平生只知道一件事，我为什么是那么无知。I've only know one thing， why I was so ignorant。
19、只期盼少许，才能接近最高的幸福。Looking forward to a little only， to close to the highest happiness。
20、男人靠健忘活着，女人靠牢记活着。Keep in mind that keeps men rely on memory alive， alive。
21、我知道自己的无知，我知我无知。I know my ignorance， I know my ignorance。
22、人可以犯错，但是不可犯同一个错。Man can make mistakes， but do not make the same mistake。
23、如果把世上每一个人的痛苦放在一起，再让你去选择，你可能还是愿意选择自己原来的那一份。If the pain of every person in the world put together， let you choose， you may prefer to choose their own original portion。
24、谦逊是藏于土中甜美的根，所有崇高的美德由此发芽滋长。Humility is hidden in the sweet root in the soil， all the virtues of noble vitrue grows。
25、对作家来说，写得少是这样的有害，就跟医生缺乏诊病的机会一样。For writers， write less harmful， just like doctors lack of appeal of the opportunity。
26、我与世界相遇，我自与世界相蚀，我自不辱使命，使我与众生相聚。I met with the world， I from phase erosion in the world， and I， make me together with all life。
27、想起来，我还欠某人一只雄鸡未还。Come to think of it， I still owe someone a cock also。
28、1暗恋是世界上最美丽的爱情。1 unrequited love is the most beautiful love in the world。
29、我去死，你们去活，究竟谁过得更幸福，唯有神知道。I go to dead， you go live， who had more happiness， only god knows。
30、教育不是灌输，而是点燃火焰。Education is not taught， but the lighting flame。
31、认识自己，方能认识人生。Know yourself， in order to know life。
